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Dry skin is a common condition that occurs when the skin lacks the moisture to keep it soft and healthy.
In many cases, these symptoms are mild and do not constitute a medical problem. However, some individuals may experience persistent dry skin that does not improve with moisturizing. Not only is excessively dry skin itchy and uncomfortable, but it may crack and bleed - leaving it vulnerable to infection.
Dry skin may be caused by diverse factors such as:
- Age: Your skin changes naturally as you age. Oil and sweat glands become less active as you get older, leading to skin that may be dry or flaky.
- Climate: Dry environments - like the desert - or cold winter climates can cause dry skin due to their lack of humidity. Individuals who live and work outside in these environments have a greater risk of developing dry skin.
- Chemical use: Harsh soaps, detergents, and shampoos strip moisture from the skin, leaving it dry and brittle. Dry skin - especially on the hands - is very common in individuals who wash their hands frequently, or work in an occupation that requires contact with these chemicals regularly. Similarly, individuals who frequently swim in chlorinated pools have a greater risk of developing dry skin.
- Skin conditions: Individuals who have eczema, or regularly experience atopic dermatitis - irritation of the skin caused by allergic reactions - may experience dry, brittle, or flaky skin more often.
Most instances of dry skin can be managed with moisturizer and self-care strategies. However, if you do not notice an improvement in your skin, or if your dry skin is beginning to crack and bleed, it is recommended that you speak to a health care provider - specifically a dermatologist. Cracked, broken skin can leave you susceptible to infection and eczema if left untreated.
Below is a list of common treatment options for dry skin. During your appointment, talk to your provider about the treatment plan that’s right for you.