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OB/GYN Basics

Obstetrics and gynecology are two branches of medicine commonly practiced together but with different focuses. Obstetrics is a field of medicine focused on women’s health care during pre-conception, pregnancy, childbirth, and post-delivery. Gynecology focuses on concerns and conditions specific to women and girls, especially those of the reproductive system.

While obstetrics and gynecology are two different branches of medicine, many providers have experience and education in both. A health care provider who practices in these fields is known as an OB/GYN. OB/GYNs are medical doctors (MDs) with over a decade of training and clinical practice. An OB/GYN offers diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive care for women starting around the age of 12-13.

OB/GYNs have special training to be able to diagnose and treat conditions related to women's health and the female reproductive system. Visits to an OB/GYN clinic play a key role in maintaining your health and wellness and in staying one step ahead of chronic conditions.

OB/GYN Services

Some common health services provided by an OB/GYN include:

• Pap smears
  
• Pelvic exams
  
• Breast exams/ breast cancer screening
  
• STI tests
  
• Ultrasounds
  
• Fertility/ Contraceptive counseling
  
  

If you are dealing with a health concern or medical condition, an OB/GYN has the training to perform a number of surgeries and procedures, such as:

• Removal of cysts on ovaries (ovarian cysts)
  
• Uterine fibroid removal
  
• Cesarean sections
  
• Hysterectomy
  
• Reconstructive surgery
  
• Endometriosis therapy
  
  

Depending on your health history or health concerns, an OB/GYN may provide a referral for a specialist such as an endocrinologist or a urogynecologist.

Gynecological Conditions

With over a decade of training, OB/GYNs have the experience to treat hundreds of illnesses, diseases, and conditions related to the female reproductive system.

Some common gynecological conditions include:

• Abnormal uterine bleeding
  
• Urinary tract infections
  
• Pelvic organ prolapse
  
• Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
  
• Endometriosis
  
• Ovarian cysts
  
• Uterine fibroids
  
• Vaginal infection/inflammation
  
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
  
• Cervical dysplasia
  
• Amenorrhea (absence of menstrual cycle)
  
• Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
  
  

Pelvic Exams and Pap Smears

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends that women begin getting pelvic exams and Pap smears, also called a Pap test, at age of 21. However, some doctors may recommend an alternative approach. As always, consult with your doctor first to determine if and when a pelvic exam is right for you.

Generally, a pelvic exam involves an examination of the vulva; an examination of the vagina and cervix; and an internal exam to check for abnormalities, as well as the size and position of the uterus and ovaries

A pap smear is a simple test that detects abnormal cells on the cervix, which can be an early indication of cervical cancer. During a pap smear, a healthcare provider will use a small brush or spatula to collect cells from the surface of the cervix. The sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis. A positive result may indicate that further testing or treatment is needed to prevent or treat cervical cancer.

The ACOG recommends that women receive a pap smear every 3 years starting at the age of 21. These preventative tests are used to catch cancers, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and cysts. You may be referred to an oncologist or follow-up specialist to diagnose a condition if you have any abnormalities or concerns.

Birth Control

OB/GYNs offer counseling services for women about birth control methods. This counseling provides an opportunity to discuss different types of contraception and determine what would work best for you. Birth control counseling includes discussing the advantages and disadvantages of various methods and information on how to access them. An OB/GYN will also educate patients on how to use each type correctly to maximize its effectiveness. Additionally, they may answer questions about potential side effects or complications related to each method, so you have all the facts before deciding. Ultimately, birth control counseling helps ensure that you are informed and prepared when choosing which form of contraception is right for you.

Booking an Appointment

Here’s how to book an OB/GYN appointment on Sesame:

• Search "OB/GYN" in Sesame’s search bar
  
• Explore the list of nearby service providers
  
• Choose from video or in-person services
  
• Choose a time that best accommodates your schedule
  
• Book your visit!
  
  

Yep, it’s that easy. Don’t wait to get the health care you need. Book an in-person or video visit today.