Melasma is a common, painless skin condition that causes dark, discolored patches (hyperpigmentation) to appear on the skin. This discoloration is usually brown or grayish-brown and tends to develop on the face and other parts of the body that get a lot of sun. These areas include:
- Cheeks
- Forehead
- Jawline
- Bridge of the nose
- Upper lip
- Neck
- Forearms
Melasma occurs when melanocytes – the skin cells that produce melanin - produce too much melanin, which causes discoloration.
The exact cause of melasma hasn’t been determined, but research shows that sun exposure, hormone changes, and genetics can all drive increased melanin production. While it can affect anyone, melasma is more common in women – especially those with darker skin types or those undergoing hormonal changes from pregnancy, menopause or birth control pills.
It’s important to note that melasma is not the same as postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), a type of hyperpigmentation caused by skin trauma from burns, scrapes, bites or acne scarring. If you’re not sure what’s causing your skin discoloration, a provider on Sesame can help provide a diagnosis and treatment options.