There are a number of ways to treat plantar fasciitis - including both at-home remedies and medical procedures. Common treatments include:
Rest: Sometimes, staying off your feet for a few days can be the best medicine.
Ice: Ice the bottom of your foot for 15 minutes using a cloth-covered ice pack 4 to 5 times a day.
Physical therapy: Physical therapists can provide you with exercises to help stretch the plantar fascia and Achilles tendon and strengthen your calf muscles. These exercises will help support your ankles and the arch of your foot. Your physical therapist may also show you the correct way to apply kinesthetic tape to your foot, which can help provide much-needed support.
Medication: Taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as naproxen or ibuprofen may help reduce discomfort, pain, and inflammation.
Shoe supports: Orthotics like arch supports or other shoe inserts are a way to better distribute your weight across your foot while providing extra comfort. This can help take pressure off of the plantar fascia.
Night splints: Your physical therapist may recommend the use of night splints which help stretch the affected area while you sleep by keeping your foot at a 90-degree angle.
Your doctor may recommend x-rays, MRIs, or other procedures if your plantar fasciitis has not responded to previous treatments. Some of these procedures include:
Injections: Steroids such as cortisone, or platelet-rich plasma from the patient. Speak to your healthcare provider to determine whether or not a corticosteroid injection would be beneficial to your recovery.
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy: A therapy that sends sound waves through the area that is affected to prompt healing.
Ultrasonic tissue repair: A procedure in which a probe is inserted into the damaged part of the fascia using the assistance of ultrasound imaging. Once inserted, the tip of the probe vibrates, breaking up the damaged tissue and suctions the broken tissue out.
Surgery: While rare, surgery is sometimes needed to detach the plantar fascia from the heel bone, also known as the calcaneus. Your doctor would recommend you to an orthopedic surgeon to perform the surgery. The calcaneal procedure can be done under local anesthesia or as an open procedure.