Different doctors may conduct sports physicals differently, but they will all generally want to get a general sense of your state of health and well-being.
They may ask questions about any current or past health problems (illnesses, injuries, medical conditions, heart problems, chest pain, etc.), family history, diet, drugs, alcohol, or supplements being taken, or about menstrual periods (for girls and women).
They will also conduct a physical examination in which they may measure your height and weight, measure your blood pressure and pulse, test your vision, check your heart, lungs, ears, nose, and throat, check for hernias, and check your posture, joint health, strength, and flexibility.