Varicose vein treatment

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About Varicose veins

Varicose veins are damaged, twisted blood vessels that may occur anywhere on the body, but most commonly appear on the legs. These broken blood vessels are usually blue, purple, or red in appearance. Spider veins are a mild form of varicose veins, but are smaller in appearance and only raise slightly from the skin.

Weakened valves in the legs make it difficult for veins to carry blood from the lower body back to the heart. Blood begins to pool in the vein, causing it to bulge. Varicose veins are generally painless, and cause few - if any - symptoms. Individuals usually choose to treat these damaged blood vessels based on appearance, not a medical emergency.

Varicose veins are highly common.

Risk factors for varicose veins include:

- Genetics: Varicose veins usually run in families.

- Age: Valves in blood vessels weaken as you get older. Weakened valves can result in a lack of blood flow from the legs back to the heart, causing varicose veins.

- Sex: Women generally are affected by varicose veins more than men due to hormone changes.

- Weight: Being overweight can put extra pressure on veins in the lower body, weakening valves in the blood vessels.

- Pregnancy: Hormone changes during pregnancy, and the extra pressure put on the legs through added weight can affect blood flow from the lower body. In many cases, varicose veins go away after pregnancy.

- Prolonged sitting: Veins have to work extra hard to push blood back to the heart when you sit down for a long period of time. Because of this, you may begin to notice varicose veins appearing in the legs if you spend too much time sitting.

Most individuals seek treatment for varicose veins based on their appearance. However, swollen blood vessels can lead to complications if they burst or cause pain in the legs. If varicose veins begin to feel tender, itch, or if you experience swelling in the legs or feet, contact your health care provider right away. If left untreated, varicose veins can result in blood clots, skin ulcers, and bursting blood vessels.

Below are common treatment options for varicose veins. During your appointment, talk to your health care provider about the treatment plan that’s right for you.

Compression stockings place pressure on the lower legs, which helps improve blood flow. These stockings can be purchased at medical supply stores, pharmacies, or specialist stores. In some cases, your provider may recommend prescription-strength compression stockings. These stockings can put increased pressure on the lower body but are not recommended for individuals with heart problems.

Sclerotherapy is a simple procedure that involves injecting an irritating solution into damaged veins, which closes the vessel to blood flow. This causes the varicose vein to collapse and die. Sclerotherapy reduces the swelling and pain caused by damaged blood vessels.

The injection procedure can be performed at doctor’s offices, dermatologist offices, and plastic surgery offices. Multiple sclerotherapy procedures may be needed for the desired results to be achieved.

Laser treatment is the most effective treatment for varicose veins. This therapy uses a laser to heat affected veins, causing them to collapse and die. Laser therapy is generally used when other forms of treatment have failed to effectively treat varicose veins.

Endovenous laser therapy - or catheter-assisted laser therapy - is a newer version of this therapy that involves creating a small incision in the skin to insert a small tube into the leg. Local anesthesia is applied to numb the area being operated on. The tube that is inserted into the leg uses a heat source (usually a laser) to heat the vein, which kills it. The dead vein is left in place to avoid bleeding and bruising but may take several months to fully disappear. Endovenous laser therapy requires minimal recovery and is less painful than other forms of treatment.

To surgically remove varicose veins, surgeons tie off the affected blood vessel to stop blood from pooling in the vein. Once this has been done, the vein is removed via small incisions in the skin.

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