Warts are small, noncancerous growths that usually appear on various parts of the body. These rough, bumps of skin are caused by an infection of the HPV virus, which enters your body through cuts or breaks in the skin.
Warts vary depending on the area of the body that has been infected by the HPV virus.
Common types of warts include:
- Common warts: Common warts are small, rough bumps in the skin that usually appear on the hands or fingers. They may be flesh-colored, or slightly tan. Common warts rarely cause discomfort, and will often go away without treatment.
- Plantar warts: Plantar warts usually develop around weight-bearing areas of the foot such as the soles or the heels, and appear as calluses with tiny black dots at the center. These growths are generally harmless and often go away with time and treatment.
- Flat warts: Flat warts are smooth, flat growths that usually appear on the face or the back of the hands. Like most warts, flat warts are most commonly diagnosed in young children. These growths cause little to no discomfort and will usually go away with minimal treatment and time.
- Periungual & subungual warts: These warts develop around or under the fingernails and toenails. These warts start small but may grow in clusters. This can result in pain and bleeding. Fingernail warts are especially common in children and fingernail biters.
- Genital warts: Genital warts are sexually transmitted infections that are passed through sexual contact. Genital warts may form on the penis, vagina, or rectum. These warts rarely cause discomfort or bleeding, and may be treated with the same methods as other warts, but cannot be cured. Once you have been infected, you will continue to be infectious. Safe sex practices (like using a latex condom) are the best methods to prevent the spread of genital warts.
Warts are highly contagious. Even though they usually affect children, anyone can become infected with the HPV virus. People with weakened immune systems, autoimmune disorders, and the elderly are at greater risk of developing these growths. Warts are often spread through direct contact with an infected person, contact with a contaminated surface, and sexual intercourse.
In many cases, warts will go away on their own without medical care. However, because of their infectiousness and potential symptoms of pain, it is recommended that you treat them as soon as possible.