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About Vaginal discharge

Vaginal discharge is a normal occurrence for women. Healthy discharge is a clear or whitish substance that is made up of cells and fluids produced by the vagina, uterus, or cervix. Normal discharge is produced by these organs to clean and protect the vagina and support fertility. The consistency and color of vaginal discharge may vary depending on your menstrual cycle and your age. For instance, the liquid produced by the cervix may be stretchier or more mucus-like when you are ovulating.

Discolored, foul-smelling, or thickened vaginal discharge may signify an infection. If you are experiencing abnormal discharge, talk to a doctor. Common causes of abnormal discharge include:

- Bacterial vaginosis: Caused by a common bacteria, this infection produces a white, fishy-smelling discharge. In some cases, bacterial vaginosis may produce no symptoms at all. Women who have multiple sexual partners or have received oral sex have an increased risk of bacterial vaginosis.

- Yeast infection: Yeast infections are common fungal infections that produce a thick, white cottage cheese-like discharge. Stress, antibiotic usage, pregnancy, and diabetes may put you at greater risk of a yeast infection.

- Trichomoniasis: Trichomoniasis is spread through sexual contact or contact with sheets or towels that are carrying the pathogen. This infection may cause pain as well as a foul-smelling yellow or greenish discharge.

- Chlamydia and Gonnorhea: These sexually transmitted infections can cause abnormal vaginal discharge that is cloudy or yellowish.

Abnormal vaginal discharge may also be caused by irritation or a rash, such as contact dermatitis.

If you are experiencing unusual vaginal discharge, or if you have symptoms such as itching and swelling, talk to a doctor right away. These are common signifiers of vaginal infection and should be treated quickly.

Below are treatment options used to relieve the symptoms of vaginal infection, including abnormal discharge. During your appointment, talk to your provider about what treatment plan is best for you.

Medication prescribed for the treatment of vaginal discharge will depend on the type of infection causing the abnormal discharge. Bacterial, fungal, and viral infections may be treated with an antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral medication, respectively. Trichomoniasis may also be treated with an oral antibiotic.

Most instances of unusual discharge will go away as the underlying condition is treated. Talk to your doctor if you are receiving medical treatment for a vaginal infection and are still experiencing persistent symptoms like abnormal discharge.

There are several self-care techniques you can use to reduce abnormal discharge and prevent vaginal infections. These include:

- Wipe front to back. This keeps bacteria from the rectal area away from the vagina.

- Wear cotton underwear. Nylon or spandex underwear does not breathe as well as cotton and can increase your risk of vaginal infection.

- Use gentle or fragrance-free laundry/ body soaps. Certain chemicals in soaps and body care products can cause vaginal irritation. If you experience irritation caused by your laundry or body soaps, switch the products you use to a gentler, fragrance-free brand.

- Practice safe sex. Some vaginal infections, including STIs, can be caused by sexual contact. Condoms can help prevent irritation or infection caused by direct sexual contact.

- Practice good hygiene. Bathe regularly, making sure to clean and pat dry the genital area.

- See your gynecologist. Regular gynecologist exams can help educate you on hygiene and safe sex practices. Gynecologists will also provide screening tests for cervical cancer and other conditions affecting the reproductive system.

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