Ciprofloxacin

Medically reviewed by Jessica Swirble, PharmD
Last updated on 3/27/2024

Drug Information | Side Effects | Use & Dosage | Request a Prescription

• Brand Name: Cipro, Cipro XR
  
• Generic Name: Ciprofloxacin
  
• Uses: Treatment of bacterial infections
  
• Drug Class: Fluoroquinolone antibiotic
  
• Availability: Prescription only
  
• Generic Status: Yes
  
• Controlled Substance: No
  
  

Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections. It belongs to a subclass of antibiotics known as fluoroquinolones.

Ciprofloxacin is prescribed to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including:

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
  
• Respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and sinusitis
  
• Skin and soft tissue infections
  
• Bone and joint infections
  
• Gastrointestinal infections, including traveler's diarrhea
  
• Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like gonorrhea
  
• Anthrax (both prevention and treatment)
  
  

Ciprofloxacin is effective against many types of bacteria, but it is not effective against infections caused by viruses such as the common cold or flu.

Ciprofloxacin inhibits the action of certain enzymes essential for bacterial DNA replication. By interfering with these processes, ciprofloxacin prevents bacteria from multiplying and spreading, ultimately leading to their death.

It's important to note that ciprofloxacin should only be used to treat bacterial infections and not viral infections.

Ciprofloxacin is available in various forms, including oral tablets, extended-release tablets, oral suspension, and intravenous (IV) infusion.

The dosage and duration of ciprofloxacin treatment will depend on the type and severity of the infection, as well as your age, weight, kidney function, and medical history. It is crucial to follow your healthcare provider's instructions and complete the full course of treatment, even if you start feeling better before finishing the medication.

Ciprofloxacin tablets should be taken with a full glass of water. You can take them with or without food, depending on your preference. If you are using the oral suspension, shake the bottle well before each use to ensure that the medication is mixed properly.

For IV administration, ciprofloxacin will be administered by a healthcare professional in a clinical setting (like a hospital).

Consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for specific instructions on how to take ciprofloxacin properly and follow their guidance throughout the treatment course.

The time it takes to feel better while taking ciprofloxacin can vary depending on the type of infection being treated, its severity, and your overall health. Some people may experience symptom relief within a few days of starting treatment, while others may require a longer duration.

It's important to continue taking ciprofloxacin as prescribed by your healthcare provider and complete the full course of treatment, even if you start feeling better. Suddenly stopping treatment can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

In addition to treating bacterial infections, ciprofloxacin may have off-label uses or be part of combination therapies for certain conditions.

Off-label uses of ciprofloxacin may include:

• Treating infections caused by specific bacteria that are susceptible to ciprofloxacin but not covered by standard treatment guidelines.
  
• Preventing infections in certain high-risk individuals, such as those undergoing surgical procedures or traveling to areas with known bacterial risks.
  
• Treating chronic or recurrent infections in cases where other antibiotics have been ineffective or contraindicated.
  
  

Discuss any alternative uses of ciprofloxacin with your healthcare provider to determine the appropriateness and safety of such treatments.

Ciprofloxacin is available in various dosage forms, including:

• Oral tablets: Available in strengths ranging from 250mg to 1000mg.
  
• Extended-release tablets: Available in strengths ranging from 500mg to 1000mg.
  
• Oral suspension: Available in various concentrations for pediatric use.
  
• Intravenous (IV) solution: Administered by healthcare professionals in clinical settings.
  
  

Generic versions of ciprofloxacin are available under different brand names.

Ciprofloxacin is a prescription medication. You will need a valid prescription from a licensed healthcare provider to obtain this drug.