Medically reviewed by Jessica Swirble, PharmD
Last updated on March 27, 2025
Drug Information | Side Effects | Use & Dosage | Request an Online Prescription
Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections. It belongs to a subclass of antibiotics known as fluoroquinolones.
Ciprofloxacin is prescribed to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including:
Ciprofloxacin is effective against many types of bacteria, but it is not effective against infections caused by viruses such as the common cold or flu.
Ciprofloxacin inhibits the action of certain enzymes essential for bacterial DNA replication. By interfering with these processes, ciprofloxacin prevents bacteria from multiplying and spreading, ultimately leading to their death.
It's important to note that ciprofloxacin should only be used to treat bacterial infections and not viral infections.
Ciprofloxacin is available in various forms, including oral tablets, extended-release tablets, oral suspension, and intravenous (IV) infusion.
The dosage and duration of ciprofloxacin treatment will depend on the type and severity of the infection, as well as your age, weight, kidney function, and medical history. It is crucial to follow your healthcare provider's instructions and complete the full course of treatment, even if you start feeling better before finishing the medication.
Ciprofloxacin tablets should be taken with a full glass of water. You can take them with or without food, depending on your preference. If you are using the oral suspension, shake the bottle well before each use to ensure that the medication is mixed properly.
For IV administration, ciprofloxacin will be administered by a healthcare professional in a clinical setting (like a hospital).
Consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for specific instructions on how to take ciprofloxacin properly and follow their guidance throughout the treatment course.
The time it takes to feel better while taking ciprofloxacin can vary depending on the type of infection being treated, its severity, and your overall health. Some people may experience symptom relief within a few days of starting treatment, while others may require a longer duration.
It's important to continue taking ciprofloxacin as prescribed by your healthcare provider and complete the full course of treatment, even if you start feeling better. Suddenly stopping treatment can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
In addition to treating bacterial infections, ciprofloxacin may have off-label uses or be part of combination therapies for certain conditions.
Off-label uses of ciprofloxacin may include:
Discuss any alternative uses of ciprofloxacin with your healthcare provider to determine the appropriateness and safety of such treatments.
Ciprofloxacin is available in various dosage forms, including:
Generic versions of ciprofloxacin are available under different brand names.
Ciprofloxacin is a prescription medication. You will need a valid prescription from a licensed healthcare provider to obtain this drug.
The use of ciprofloxacin has been shown to cause side effects in some patients.
Common mild side effects of ciprofloxacin use include:
More severe side effects include:
Ciprofloxacin can cause bone and joint issues in children under 18. Because of this, it is rarely prescribed to children. If a provider is prescribing ciprofloxacin for your child, tell them about any joint issues your child may have before they start treatment.
Seek medical attention immediately if you experience any severe symptoms while taking ciprofloxacin. If you experience mild side effects that become severe or do not go away after a few days, speak to a healthcare provider right away.
Tell your healthcare provider about any existing medical conditions, allergies, or other medications you are taking before starting treatment with ciprofloxacin. This includes prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and dietary supplements, as they may interact with this drug.
Tell your provider if you are taking these medications or supplements:
You should also mention medical conditions such as:
If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, consult your healthcare provider before using ciprofloxacin to assess potential risks and benefits.
Drink plenty of fluids while taking ciprofloxacin to stay hydrated unless otherwise instructed by your doctor.
Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight and UV rays while on ciprofloxacin, as it can increase the risk of sunburn and skin sensitivity. Use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors.
Do not take ciprofloxacin with dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, or antacids containing calcium, magnesium, or aluminum, as these can interfere with the medication's absorption.
Avoid consuming products with caffeine (like coffee, chocolate, energy drinks, and certain teas) while taking ciprofloxacin. When combined with caffeine, ciprofloxacin can cause nervousness, anxiety, insomnia, or restlessness.
Your healthcare provider will provide specific instructions regarding the use of ciprofloxacin with food, beverages, and other medications. It's essential to follow their guidance to ensure the effectiveness of the treatment and minimize the risk of side effects.
Symptoms of a ciprofloxacin overdose may include:
If you experience any of these symptoms, call the poison control helpline at 1-800-222-1222. If an individual has collapsed, is having seizures, or is unresponsive, call 9-1-1 immediately.
Ciprofloxacin is available in various forms:
The typical starting dose of ciprofloxacin can vary depending on the specific infection being treated, the patient's age, weight, medical history, and other individual factors. It is crucial to follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding dosage and administration carefully.
For the treatment of bacterial infections, the typical starting doses may be:
Your healthcare provider will assess your medical history, current medications, and the nature of your infection to determine the most appropriate starting dose and duration of treatment for you.
Ciprofloxacin should be taken exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not exceed the recommended dose or make changes to your medication regimen without consulting your provider.
If you have any questions about your dosage, contact your healthcare provider. If you want to talk to a provider right away, book an online doctor appointment on Sesame to discuss your concerns.
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember it. If it's almost time for another dose of ciprofloxacin, skip the missed dose and take your next dose as scheduled. Do not take or apply a double dose of ciprofloxacin.
Do not discontinue or alter your ciprofloxacin dosage without consulting with your healthcare provider. Follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding dosing and other recommendations for taking ciprofloxacin.
Store ciprofloxacin as directed by your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Proper storage is essential to maintain the medication's effectiveness. Ciprofloxacin should be stored at room temperature, away from excessive heat, light, and moisture.
Liquid ciprofloxacin should be discarded after two weeks (14 days).
Keep the medication out of the reach of children and ensure that the container is tightly closed.