Medically reviewed by Jessica Swirble, PharmD
Last updated on 6/6/2024
Drug Information | Side Effects | Use & Dosage | Request a Prescription
Hydrochlorothiazide is a prescription medication used to treat high blood pressure and edema (fluid retention in body tissue).
Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, a class of drugs also known as “water pills.” Its name is commonly abbreviated to “HCTZ.”
Hydrochlorothiazide is prescribed to treat high blood pressure. It is also used to treat edema (fluid retention) caused by medical conditions such as:
Hydrochlorothiazide is also prescribed to patients who are experiencing edema from using medications that contain corticosteroids or estrogen.
Hydrochlorothiazide is classified as a diuretic or “water pill.” These medications work by helping the kidneys pull excess sodium and fluid from blood cells into the urine. The body then releases this extra salt and water through the urine stream.
Excess sodium causes the body to retain more fluid. The more fluid held in the blood cells, the greater the pressure on the blood vessels. This makes it harder for the heart to pump blood throughout the body, raising blood pressure.
Hydrochlorothiazide promotes sodium excretion through urine. This lowers fluid levels in the body, a key part of treating edema. Getting rid of excess fluid also lowers blood pressure, as the heart doesn’t have to work as hard to pump blood through blood vessels.
Hydrochlorothiazide is available as an oral tablet or oral capsule.
The dosage and frequency of use depend on the condition being treated, its severity, and how you respond to the medication.
Follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding dosage and schedule. Do not exceed the prescribed dose or frequency of use without consulting your provider.
Hydrochlorothiazide is used to manage high blood pressure and edema. The effects can be noticeable within a few days, but it may take several weeks to achieve optimal control of blood pressure.
Continue using hydrochlorothiazide as prescribed, even if you start feeling better. Regular use according to your prescription is crucial for the management of symptoms.
While hydrochlorothiazide is primarily used for treating high blood pressure and edema, healthcare providers may prescribe it off-label for other conditions.
Discuss any alternative uses of hydrochlorothiazide with your healthcare provider.
Hydrochlorothiazide is available in the following dosage forms:
Hydrochlorothiazide is a prescription medication. You must have a valid prescription from a licensed healthcare provider to obtain it.