Medically reviewed by Jessica Swirble, PharmD
Last updated on 5/6/2024

Drug Information | Side Effects | Use & Dosage | Request a Prescription

• Brand Name: Zanaflex
  
• Generic Name: Tizanidine
  
• Uses: Treating muscle spasticity associated with conditions like multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury
  
• Drug Class: Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist
  
• Availability: Prescription only
  
• Generic Status: Yes
  
• Controlled Substance: Yes
  
  

Tizanidine is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist used to manage involuntary muscle spasms and stiffness, commonly associated with neurological disorders and spinal cord injuries. It relaxes tightened muscles, reducing pain and discomfort.

Tizanidine is primarily prescribed for conditions such as:

• Multiple sclerosis (MS): A neurological disease that affects the brain and spinal cord, leading to muscle spasms, pain, and mobility issues.
  
• Spinal cord injury: Conditions resulting from spinal cord damage that cause similar symptoms to multiple sclerosis.
  
• Stroke: Rehabilitation post-stroke to manage muscle spasms.
  
  

It may also be used for other muscle spasticity-related conditions as determined by your healthcare provider.

Tizanidine works by stimulating alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the central nervous system. This action blocks nerve impulses that cause tightened muscles, thereby reducing the severity of muscle spasms and allowing for easier movement.

Tizanidine is typically taken orally in tablet form up to three times a day, depending on the severity of the condition and the doctor's prescription. It should be taken consistently either with or without food, unless directed otherwise by your healthcare provider.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding dosage and schedule. Do not alter the prescribed dose or treatment duration without consulting your provider.

The effectiveness of tizanidine and the time it takes to notice improvement can vary among individuals. Some may experience relief from muscle spasms and reduced stiffness within hours of their first dose, while others might need longer treatment to observe benefits.

Continue taking tizanidine as directed even if symptoms improve. Stopping the medication abruptly can lead to a return of symptoms.

While tizanidine is mainly used for managing muscle spasticity, healthcare providers may prescribe it off-label for other muscle-related conditions, such as:

• Chronic migraine headaches: To help manage muscle tension and pain.
  
• Chronic muscle pain: For conditions that do not respond well to other muscle relaxants.
  
  

Consult your healthcare provider for more information on the potential uses of tizanidine.

Tizanidine is available in the following dosage forms:

• Oral tablets: Commonly available in strengths like 2mg and 4mg.
  
• Capsules: Capsules can be sprinkled over food for patients who have difficulty swallowing oral tablets.
  
  

Generic versions of tizanidine are available, providing cost-effective treatment options.

Tizanidine is a prescription medication. You will need a valid prescription from a licensed healthcare provider to obtain this medication.