Medically reviewed by Jessica Swirble, PharmD
Last updated on April 18, 2025
Drug Information | Side Effects | Use & Dosage | Request an Online Prescription
Topiramate is a prescription medication used to treat seizures that affect the whole body (known as tonic-clonic seizures) or only one part of the brain (known as partial-onset seizures).
Topiramate may also be prescribed to prevent migraines in adults and children over 12.
Topiramate is prescribed to treat different types of seizures. This includes seizures that affect the whole body (known as tonic-clonic seizures) or one part of the brain (partial-onset seizures). It may also be prescribed to treat Lennox-Gestaut syndrome, a childhood disorder that causes severe seizures and developmental delays.
In addition to its use in treating seizures, topiramate may be prescribed to prevent migraines in adults and children over 12.
Topiramate is an anticonvulsant drug. This diverse group of medications treats epileptic seizures by suppressing rapid-firing neurons in the brain. These neurons fire at the outset of a seizure and can quickly spread throughout the brain. Topiramate works by stopping this reaction and preventing a seizure from occurring.
Topiramate is available in the following forms:
The dosage and frequency of use depend on the condition being treated, its severity, and how you respond to the medication.
Follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding dosage and schedule. Do not exceed the prescribed dose or frequency of use without consulting your provider.
Topiramate is used to manage and prevent seizures and to prevent migraine headaches, not to cure these conditions. It may take several days or weeks before you notice the effects of this medication, especially for migraine prevention.
Continue using topiramate as prescribed, even if you start feeling better. Regular use according to your prescription plan is crucial for the effective management of symptoms.
While topiramate is primarily used for epilepsy and migraine prevention, healthcare providers may prescribe it off-label for other conditions, such as weight loss or bipolar disorder.
Discuss any alternative uses of topiramate with your healthcare provider.
Topiramate is available in the following dosage forms:
Topiramate is a prescription medication. You will need a valid prescription from a licensed healthcare provider to obtain this medication.
The use of topiramate can lead to various side effects in some individuals.
Common mild side effects of topiramate use include:
More severe side effects of topiramate use can include:
If you experience any severe or concerning side effects while taking topiramate, contact your healthcare provider right away.
Tell your healthcare provider about any existing medical conditions, allergies, or other medications you are taking before starting treatment with topiramate. This includes prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and dietary supplements, as they may interact with topiramate.
Tell your provider if you are taking these medications or supplements:
You should also mention medical conditions such as:
If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, consult your healthcare provider before using topiramate to assess potential risks and benefits.
Take topiramate exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not exceed the recommended dose or duration of treatment.
Topiramate can be taken with or without food, but taking it with food may help reduce stomach upset. It's important to complete the full course of treatment, even if you start feeling better, to ensure the medication's effectiveness in managing your condition.
While taking topiramate, you should avoid alcohol. Alcohol can increase the effect of topiramate and worsen side effects.
In case of a topiramate overdose, seek medical attention immediately. Symptoms of overdose may include severe drowsiness, confusion, speech problems, blurred vision, or seizures. If you suspect an overdose, contact the poison control helpline at 1-800-222-1222 or call emergency services.
Topiramate is available in the following forms:
The typical starting dose of topiramate varies depending on the condition being treated, the severity of symptoms, and individual patient factors. It is crucial to follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding dosage and administration.
For epilepsy:
For migraine prevention:
The dosage may be adjusted based on the response and tolerance to the medication. Your healthcare provider will determine the most appropriate dose based on your medical history and your response to the medication.
Topiramate should be taken exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not exceed the recommended dose or duration of treatment without consulting your provider.
If you have any questions about your dosage or need adjustments, contact your healthcare provider for guidance. If you want to talk to a provider right away, consider scheduling an online doctor appointment through a telehealth platform like Sesame.
If you miss a dose of topiramate, take it as soon as you remember unless it is close to the time for your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
Take topiramate around the same time every day to maintain an even level of medication in your body.
Continue taking topiramate as prescribed by your healthcare provider, even if you start feeling better. It's important to keep taking the medication as directed to maintain control over your condition, whether it's for epilepsy or migraine prevention.
If you have any concerns or questions about your medication, discuss them with your healthcare provider for medical advice and recommendations.
Store topiramate according to the instructions provided by your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Keep it at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Ensure the container is tightly closed and out of reach of children.
Do not use expired medication or medications that appear damaged or discolored. If you have any questions about storage, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.