Vaginal Yeast Infection Treatment: Best Options for Fast, Effective Relief

Have you ever dealt with a vaginal yeast infection? If so, you know that your number one priority is getting rid of it—fast. Vaginal yeast infections are a common condition that affects millions of people each year. They’re accompanied by a range of irritating symptoms such as itching, pain, and vaginal redness and swelling.

Thankfully, there are treatment options available that can help alleviate your symptoms quickly. In this blog, we’ll explore some frequently asked questions about vaginal yeast infection causes and symptoms. We’ll also explore both over-the-counter and prescription medication options. This can help you make an informed decision about which approach is best suited for your needs.

What is a vaginal yeast infection?

A vaginal yeast infection is actually a type of fungal infection. It's also known as vaginal candidiasis or vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Typically, vaginal yeast infections are caused by an overgrowth of Candida yeast in the vagina. Candida yeast is a type of fungus that exists naturally within your vagina, mouth, and digestive tract. It normally lives in harmony with bacteria and other organisms without causing any harm. However, when there is an imbalance in the body, the yeast can multiply and lead to an infection.

Typical causes of vaginal yeast infections can include:

• Antibiotic use: Antibiotics can kill off the helpful bacteria that help maintain the balance of yeast in the vagina. This can lead to an overgrowth of Candida.

• Hormonal changes: Hormones can fluctuate due to pregnancy, oral contraceptives, or hormone replacement therapy. This can disrupt the balance of yeast in the vagina.

• Weakened immune system: People with compromised immune systems are at higher risk of developing yeast infections. This can include those with HIV or who are undergoing chemotherapy.

• Diabetes: Diabetics—both type 1 and type 2—are more susceptible to yeast infections due to higher blood sugar levels. Elevated blood sugar can encourage overgrowth of yeast.

• Douching or feminine hygiene products: Douching and feminine hygiene sprays are a major cause of vaginal infections. They can throw off your vagina’s natural balance and lead to an imbalance of bacteria. Don’t be fooled by claims that the products are cleansing. Vaginas are actually self-cleaning and do not require fragrant sprays or soaps to stay hygienic!

• Damp or tight clothing: Avoid wearing damp or tight clothing. Wet swimsuits and super-snug leggings can create a warm and moist environment that promotes yeast growth. Cotton underwear is a great way to avoid this occurrence because cotton fabric is breathable and absorbs moisture.

Vaginal yeast infections are typically characterized by the following symptoms:

• Itching and irritation in the vaginal area
• Redness and swelling of the vulva
• Vaginal pain and soreness
• A burning sensation, especially during urination or sexual intercourse
• Thick, white, odorless vaginal discharge, often described as resembling cottage cheese

If you suspect that you have a vaginal yeast infection, it's important to consult a healthcare provider. They can provide you with an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

A yeast infection isn't the only condition that can cause vaginal discomfort. Other issues, such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or bacterial vaginosis (BV), often present with very similar symptoms. Because of this overlap, a medical diagnosis from a gynecologist or healthcare provider is essential to ensure you receive the correct treatment.

Is a yeast infection contagious?

You can pass the overgrowth of Candida to a partner during sex. However, vaginal yeast infections are not typically considered contagious. Candida yeast already lives naturally on most people’s skin and inside the body.

Therefore, an infection is usually the result of an internal imbalance. It’s rarely a germ transmitted from someone else. This is also why yeast infections are not classified as sexually transmitted infections (STIs). You can develop one regardless of sexual activity.

The risk of spreading the infection is low. Still, it is often recommended to wait until your symptoms have fully cleared before having sex. This is for your own comfort because the vaginal tissues are often inflamed during an infection. Pausing sexual activity prevents further irritation or tiny tears in the tissue. That way, the medication can work and the area can heal more quickly.

What are the best treatments for a vaginal yeast infection?

If you’re dealing with a vaginal yeast infection, there are several treatment options to consider.

Vaginal Creams and Suppositories

Some over-the-counter and prescription medications can help clear a yeast infection. These are typically sold as creams (which come with an applicator to be inserted into the vagina). Another option are suppositories. They’re small capsules that are placed into the vagina and melt over time to dispense the medication.

For mild to moderate infections, vaginal therapy is typically short-term (anywhere from 1 to 7 days). For more severe or recurring infections, longer-term vaginal therapy is sometimes recommended.

Oral Antifungals

Your healthcare provider may prescribe an oral tablet. This can be taken as a single oral dose of fluconazole (Diflucan) or as several doses taken three days apart for more severe or recurring infections.

Natural Remedies

Some people opt for home remedies when treating their yeast infections. Boric acid suppositories are a common choice because they are antifungal and anti-inflammatory. They can only be used as vaginal inserts and are toxic if swallowed.

Other home remedies, like yogurt, contain Lactobacillus probiotics. These are often taken for their antifungal and antibacterial properties. However, scientific studies have not consistently proven them to be effective treatments. It's always best to consult a healthcare professional for a confirmed diagnosis and a proven treatment plan.

Effective over-the-counter treatments for vaginal yeast infections

You can purchase some creams and gels over the counter to treat your vaginal yeast infection. They may relieve uncomfortable symptoms such as burning, swelling, and itching. Examples of OTC vaginal yeast infection medications include:

• Miconazole (Monistat): Miconazole is commonly known by the brand name Monistat. It is an antifungal that is sold over the counter at most pharmacies. It’s available as Monistat 1, 3, and 7. The numbers correlate with the duration of treatment. Monistat 1 is a single-dose, highly concentrated option. Monistat 7 is taken over the span of a week and is the least concentrated option. Monistat is able to treat most yeast infections and claims to offer symptom relief within 1 hour. It comes as a cream or suppository, which is inserted into the vagina. This kills the yeast that is causing your infection. If you are pregnant, talk to your doctor before using yeast infection medicine. Only topical 7-day therapies (such as Monistat 7) are recommended for treating yeast infections during pregnancy.
• Clotrimazole (generic Gyne-Lotrimin):Vaginal clotrimazole is also known under the brand names Trivagizole 3 or Gyne-Lotrimin. It comes as a cream to be inserted into the vagina. It can also be applied to the skin around the outside of the vagina. Clotrimazole usually begins to relieve symptoms within 3 days and should improve your infection within 7 days. There are also stronger clotrimazole products available via prescription.
• Tioconazole (Vagistat-1): Tioconazole is a vaginal yeast infection medication that stops the growth of Candida. It comes as a single-dose applicator that is inserted into the vagina. The medication can also be applied to the vulva to relieve itching or burning. Patients typically see symptom improvement after the 1-day treatment. However, it can take up to 7 days after using the 1-day dose before symptoms go away completely.
• Vagisil: Vagisil does not treat vaginal yeast infections. However, it can be a great solution for itch and odor relief. This can be a helpful solution if you aren’t able to see a healthcare professional right away. Vagisil contains analgesic (pain-relieving) ingredients. Because of this, it typically begins to relieve symptoms immediately. Be wary that some Vagisil products have fragrances. Look out for the scent-free products to avoid further irritation.

While you can also purchase probiotic supplements over the counter, these products can’t treat a yeast infection. Probiotics promote a healthy microbiome, but they do not cure or relieve symptoms.

Prescription treatments for vaginal yeast infections

OTC medication doesn’t always help vaginal yeast infection symptoms. Some people also experience recurrent vaginal yeast infections that are resistant to treatment. If this is the case, you may want to consider prescription medication. Some examples of prescription vaginal yeast infection medications include:

• Terconazole: Terconazole is an antifungal medication. It is prescribed as a cream and suppository to insert into the vagina. Terconazole should take effect within 5 to 10 hours after being inserted into the vagina. Symptoms should improve within 1 or 2 days after starting the medication.
• Fluconazole (generic Diflucan): Your healthcare provider may prescribe a one-time, oral dose of fluconazole (Diflucan). Fluconazole should not be taken if you are pregnant. Oral vaginal yeast infection medications can harm a fetus. Symptom improvement is usually seen within 1 to 3 days.
• Ibrexafungerp (Brexafemme): Ibrexafungerp is an oral tablet that is taken twice a day for one day. It works by targeting the specific fungal cells behind the yeast infection. Most people feel relief from itching, redness, and other symptoms within 10 days. As with fluconazole, taking ibrexafungerp while pregnant can cause loss of pregnancy or serious birth defects. You should use effective birth control methods during treatment with ibrexafungerp and for 4 months after.
• Oteseconazole (Vivjoa): Oteseconazole is an oral medication. It is used to prevent recurring yeast infections. This condition is also known as recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). Vivjoa is is prescribed as an oral capsule. It is not for women who are pregnant or who could become pregnant due to risk of miscarriage or birth defects. The medication is taken 2 days in a row, and then after 14 days, it’s taken once a week for 11 weeks. In 2 separate studies, Vivjoa was able to prevent RVVC for 93.3% and 96.1% of participants for about a year.

What are the side effects of yeast infection medication?

Common side effects of prescription vaginal yeast infection medications include:

• Mild burning or irritation: Some women may experience mild burning or redness in the vaginal area.
• Skin rash: Some individuals may develop a skin rash. This can be a result of an allergic reaction or sensitivity to the medication.
• Gastrointestinal symptoms: Oral antifungal medications, such as fluconazole, may cause side effects like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or gas.
• Headache: Both oral and topical antifungal medications can sometimes cause headaches as a side effect.
• Dizziness: Oral antifungal medications may cause dizziness in some individuals. It is essential to exercise caution while driving or performing activities that require alertness.
• Changes in taste: Some people taking oral antifungal medications may notice changes in their sense of taste. This usually resolves after completing the course of treatment.

It is important to note that these side effects are generally mild and temporary. However, if side effects persist, worsen, or cause significant discomfort, it is crucial to contact your healthcare provider for further guidance. In some cases, your healthcare provider may adjust the dosage or prescribe an alternative medication. This can help to minimize side effects and ensure effective treatment.

What are some natural home remedies for a yeast infection?

Medication is the most reliable way to clear an infection. However, some patients turn to home remedies to help soothe their symptoms or support the healing process. It is important to note that these options typically lack rigorous clinical backing.

• Probiotics: These beneficial bacteria are often found in supplements and specific foods. They can help maintain the body's natural microbial balance. By promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus, they may help inhibit the overgrowth of yeast and reduce pain.
• Boric acid suppositories: Boric acid can be used for infections that are resistant to standard antifungal medications. It may help clear stubborn cases but must be used exclusively as a vaginal suppository. If swallowed, it's toxic and potentially fatal.
• Tea tree oil: Known for its antifungal and antibacterial properties, tea tree oil can be used to treat fungal overgrowth. It is important, however, to dilute it with a carrier oil (like coconut oil) before applying topically so as to not cause allergic reactions and to avoid skin irritation.
• Coconut oil: Coconut oil itself has been known to be useful. It contains fatty acids, like caprylic acid, which have natural antifungal properties. Applying a small amount of pure coconut oil to the affected external area may help soothe itching and prevent further growth of Candida.
• Plain, unsweetened yogurt: As a natural source of probiotics, yogurt can be applied topically to restore the vaginal flora. It's crucial, however, to use plain, sugar-free varieties, as added sugars can actually encourage yeast growth.
• Garlic: One of garlic's compounds, allicin, is known for its antifungal properties that help inhibit the overgrowth of yeast. When using it as a remedy, some people increase their intake of garlic through their diet, while others apply a garlic paste to the affected area. This may provide relief from itching and irritation.
• Oil of oregano: This essential oil contains carvacrol and thymol, two antifungal compounds. Similar to tea tree oil, it can be applied topically when diluted with a carrier oil (like coconut oil) but must never be applied directly to the skin in its pure form. It's extremely caustic and can cause severe skin irritation and chemical burns.

Remember that home remedies are not always backed by clinical trials. If you think you have a yeast infection, it's always best to talk to a healthcare professional.

How to prevent a yeast infection

Maintaining a healthy vaginal environment is all about balance. A few lifestyle adjustments often go a long way. They can help reduce the risk of Candida overgrowth and prevent future infections.

• Wear breathable, loose-fitting clothing: Yeast thrives in warm, moist environments. Cotton underwear and loose-fitting pants allow air to flow better. That way, the area stays dry, and it becomes harder for yeast to multiply.
• Avoid scented products and douching: The vagina cleans itself, but it also relies on a delicate balance of natural bacteria. Scented soaps, bubble baths, and douches can disrupt this balance. They can irritate the vaginal lining, which can lead to an overgrowth of yeast.
• Change out of wet clothing quickly: Staying in sweaty gym clothes or a wet swimsuit for long periods of time can create an ideal breeding ground for fungus. Always rinse off and change into dry, clean clothes as soon as possible after swimming or exercising.
• Manage diet and blood sugar levels: High blood sugar can encourage yeast to grow. For those with diabetes, keeping blood glucose levels within a healthy range is a key step in preventing yeast infections. You should also reduce excessive sugar and processed carbs in your diet.
• Use antibiotics only when necessary: While antibiotics are designed to kill harmful bacteria, they can also kill the necessary bacteria. Only take antibiotics when prescribed by a doctor. Consider taking a probiotic supplement to help maintain your natural flora while you take the antibiotics.
• Practice safe sex: Using condoms consistently and correctly during sex can protect against vaginal yeast infections. Condoms not only provide protection against unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). They can also help reduce the risk of introducing foreign bacteria or fungi into the vaginal environment. It's important to note that oral contraceptives, while effective at preventing pregnancy, do not protect against STIs.
• Use water-based lubricants: When using lubricants, opt for water-based varieties that are free from added irritants or sugars. Some lubricants and spermicide products contain ingredients that can disrupt the natural pH balance of the vagina and cause irritation. Choosing products specifically labeled as "vagina-friendly" or "pH-balanced" can help minimize the risk of irritation that could lead to yeast overgrowth.
• Practice good hygiene: Gently wash the external genital area with mild, unscented soap and water and avoid harsh cleansers and excessive scrubbing. Always remember to rinse thoroughly and pat the area dry. Maintaining a clean and dry environment is essential for keeping vaginal flora in balance.
• Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water supports your body's overall health and a well-balanced vaginal environment. Proper hydration supports the body's natural mechanisms for keeping fungal levels in check.

When to call your doctor

You should contact your healthcare provider as soon as you notice symptoms of a yeast infection. It’s important to diagnose that you have a yeast infection and not another more serious infection. Vaginal yeast infections can share symptoms such as itching, burning, and discharge with other conditions, such as BV and some STIs, which are treated differently.

You should also contact your healthcare provider if:

• Over-the-counter or prescription medication is not resolving your symptoms.
• You are experiencing side effects such as trouble breathing, rapid heartbeat or hives.
• You are experiencing other conditions that cannot be otherwise explained while taking your medication.

Frequently asked questions

Can yeast infections resolve on their own?

In very mild cases, the body's immune system restores the natural balance of vaginal flora on its own. However, this is relatively uncommon. Most infections require medical intervention to clear completely. Leaving a yeast infection untreated often leads to worsening symptoms, like increased swelling or cracks in the skin. These symptoms can result in more severe infections that are harder to treat later on.

What is the fastest way to get rid of a vaginal yeast infection?

Over-the-counter or prescription medications are generally considered to be the fastest treatment option for vaginal yeast infections. The majority of vaginal yeast infection medications belong to a category of antifungals known as azoles. These work by stopping the growth of yeast. Depending on the dosage and severity of the infection, these medications typically resolve symptoms within 1 to 7 days.

What are the most common treatments for a vaginal yeast infection?

Treatment typically falls into two categories: topical vaginal therapy and oral medication. Topical options include antifungal creams and suppositories that are inserted directly into the vagina for 1 to 7 days. Oral treatments like fluconazole come in a single-dose pill. For recurrent or more stubborn infections, a healthcare provider may recommend a longer course of prescription-strength medication to ensure the yeast is fully eradicated.

Can home remedies effectively cure a yeast infection?

Certain home remedies like boric acid or probiotics can help manage the symptoms of a yeast infection. Some also support vaginal health. However, they are generally not as reliable as clinically proven antifungals. Boric acid is often effective for resistant strains, but other popular options like yogurt or garlic lack strong scientific evidence. If you suspect you have an infection, it is best to consult a professional. That way, you ensure you receive the correct diagnosis and a treatment plan that works.

How Sesame can help with vaginal yeast infection treatments

If appropriate, providers on Sesame can write a prescription for vaginal yeast infection medication to be picked up near you—often within the same day. Simply book a same-day online yeast infection visit to get your symptoms assessed. If appropriate, your provider can get your prescription or refill ordered right away for convenient, same-day pickup from your preferred pharmacy.