Acamprosate has been approved by the FDA as a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcohol dependence. It is not a cure for alcoholism, but it helps individuals who are struggling to quit drinking alcohol maintain their abstinence by reducing cravings and other symptoms of alcohol withdrawal.
Alcohol use disorder is the medical term for excessive alcohol use, or the inability to control one’s drinking habits. Drinking large amounts of alcohol can put both your health and safety at risk. AUD includes binge drinking– when a male has 5 or more drinks within 2 hours or a female has 4 or more drinks within 2 hours. Alcohol use disorder can seriously affect personal relationships, work habits, and lifestyle.
If left untreated, excessive drinking can also lead to serious medical problems such as high blood pressure (hypertension), kidney problems, kidney disease, cirrhosis, and liver disease.
Cirrhosis occurs in the late stages of liver disease and is characterized by permanent scarring of the liver tissue. As the organ tries to repair itself, it creates scar tissue. This scar tissue is permanent and may affect the function of the liver. If left untreated, late-stage cirrhosis can be potentially life-threatening.
Common symptoms of cirrhosis include:
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Weakness
- Easy bleeding and/ or bruising
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
- Itchy skin
- Weight loss
- Edema (swelling) in the legs, feet, and ankles
- Fluid build up in the abdomen (ascites)
- Discolored urine
- Blood in the stool
- Redness in the palms of the hands
- Spider-like blood vessels under the skin
- Men: Loss of sex drive, breast enlargement, shrunken testicles
- Women: Premature menopause (absent or lost periods)
If you are experiencing any of the symptoms above, talk to your health care provider. Cirrhosis can be effectively treated if detected in its early stages, and late-stage cirrhosis can be fatal. While there is no cure for cirrhosis, you can limit damage to the liver and other internal organs by seeking treatment sooner rather than later.